Chinaisoneofthecountrysufferingfrommostserioussoilerosionandwaterlossintheworldandthesoilerosioniswidelydistributedandinlargeareas.Mountainareaserioussoilerosionnotonlyleadingtolandresourcesdegradationandsoildeterioration,butmakethefoundationofagriculturalproductionanddevelopmenttruelyweakaswell.Another,aggravatingtheoccurrenceoffloodanddroughtandleadingtopovertyandtheenvironmentevenworse,andthisisthemostmajorlimitingfactorofsustainabledevelopment,rapidityandhealthofagricultureofmountainareainChina.Therefore,improvingconservationofsoilandwater,protectingandoptimizingtheenvironmentandensurethereasonabledevelopmentandsustainingthesoilandwaterconservationandthisisveryimportantforChina.Thistextanalyzestherisksofsoilerosionandtheeffectofsoilandwaterconservationforretainabilityanddevelopmentofagriculture,whichfullydescribesthesoilandwaterconservationisnotonlythereliableguaranteeofsustainingdevelopment,butalsooneoftheafewwayofacquiringwealth.Andthispassagealsoputforwardatentativeproposalofhowtodosoilandwaterconservationaswellastofulfillthesustainabledevelopmentofmountainarea.