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Honestymaywellbethepolicybutitoftendesertsuswhennooneiswatchingpsychologistsreporttoday.Experimentswithanhonestyboxtocollectpaymentsforhotdrinksshowthatpeoplearebetteratpayingupwhenunderthegaze(注
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更新时间:2024-03-29 02:20:37
问题描述:

Honestymaywellbethepolicybutitoftendesertsuswhennooneiswatchingpsychologistsreporttoday.Experimentswithanhonestyboxtocollectpaymentsforhotdrinksshowthatpeoplearebetteratpayingupwhenunderthegaze(注视)ofapairofeyes.Thesurprisewasthattheeyeswerenotrealbutphotographed.

ResearchersatNewcastleUniversitysetuptheexperimentinsecret.Theyattachedapostertoacupboardofmugsabovean-honestyboxalongsideakettlewithteacoffeeandmilk.Over10weekstheyalternatedeachweekbetweenimagesofeyesandpicturesofflowers.

Dr.Batesonabehavioralbiologistandleaderofthestudysaidthateventhoughtheeyeswerenotrealtheystillseemedtomakepeoplebehavemorehonestly.Theyeffectmayarisefrombehavioralcharacteristicsthatdevelopedasearlyhumansformedsocialgroupsthatincreasedtheirchancesofsurvival.Individualshadtoco-operateforthegoodofthegroupratherthanactselfishly.

"Ifnobodyiswatchingusitisinourintereststobehaveselfishly.Butwhenwethinkwe'rebeingwatchedweshouldbehavebettersopeopleseeusasco-operativeandbehavethesamewaytowardsus"Dr.Batesonsaid.

"Wethoughtwe'dgetaslighteffectwitheyesbutitwasquitestrikinghowmuchdifferencetheymade.Evenatasubconscious(潜意识的)levelitseemspeoplerespondtoeyesandthatmightbebecauseeyessendastrongbiologicalsignalwehaveevolved(进化)torespondto."

Thefindingwhichresearchersbelieveshedslightonourevolutionarypastcouldbeturnedtopracticaluse.Thepsychologistssayimagesofeyescouldpromoteticketsalesonpublictransportandimprovemonitorsystemstopreventantisocialbehavior.

1.Thispassageismainlyabout_______________.

A.thepolicyofhonesty

B.anhonestyboxtocollectmoney

C.evolutiononhonesty

D.anexperimentonhonesty

2.Thereasonfordoingtheexperimentsecretlyisthattheresearchers_____________.

A.wantedtogetacomparativelymoreexactresult

B.hadknowntheywantedtodosomethingillegally

C.meanttogettheco-operationoftheircolleagues

D.intendedtosellthehotdrinksatahigherprice

3.People

李春芝回答:
  1.D   2.A   3.C   4.B   本文讲述了心理学家进行诚实实验,发现有假眼睛盯着的情况下,人们比没有眼睛盯着更诚实。   1.主旨题。本文主要讲述了一个诚实实验。   2.推理题。实验人员秘密地进行试验当然是为了测试的结果更精确。如别人知道是实验,一定会表现的很诚实。   3.细节题。根据thatmightbebecauseeyessendastrongbiologicalsignalwehaveevolved(进化)torespondto."可知答案为C。   4.猜词题。shedlighton阐明,使清楚地显出,根据后一句话,这个发现可以被使用,可知会使得我们进化的过去更清楚的表现出来。所以B正确。
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