阅读理解。
AttheUniversityofCalifomiamystudentsandIstudiedmorethan2000yearsofself-changemethods
andalsoreviewedthescientificresearchworksonthat.Amongallthemethodsthreeshouldbespecially
mentioned:they'reusefulsimpleandeasytoleam.What'smorepeoplewhohavemadesuccessfulchangesin
theirlivesoftendependedononeormoreofthesemethods.
TogetyourselfstartedinanewdirectiontrytheThreeM's:
ModifyYourEnvironment.Peoplewhohavenevertriedthisaresurprisedbythelargeresultitoftenhad.
Oneofmystudentsgotherselfbicyclingeverydaysimplybyputtingherbicycleinherdoorwaybeforeshe
leftforschools.Whensheretumedhomethatwasthefirstthingshesawandthat'sallsheneededtostart
cyclingaway.Thepowerofrearranging(重新布置)one'sspacehasbeenwellshowninstudiessinceitwas
firstreportedinthe1960s.ProfessorIsraelGoldiamondtaughtthismethodtopatientswithdifferentpersonal
problems.Forexampleayoungwomanwhohaddifficultystudyingmadegreatimprovementwhenshegota
betterdesklampandmovedherdeskawayfromherbed.Tochangeyourselfchangeyourworld.
MonitorYourBehavior.I'vebeenreadingresearchstudiesonself-monitoringfor20yearsandI'vetried
somemyself.TobehonestIstilldon'tfullyunderstandwhythismethodworksbutitdoesandsurprisingly
wellformostpeople.Thefactisifyoumonitorwhatyoudoyou'llprobablydobetter.Weighyourselfoften
andyoumaywellstarttoloseweight.Keeparecordofwhatyoueatandyou'llprobablystarteatingmore
wisely.Usetinyobjects.Ifyousay"youknow"toomuchtakeagolfcounterandpushdownthecounter
wheneveryoucatchyourselfsaying"youknow".I'llbesureyousayitlessofteninjustafewdays.Oryou
canputasmallpieceofpaperinyourpocketeachtimeyousay"youknow".Theresultisthesame:you
becomemoresensibleaboutwhatyou'redoingandthatmakesyoudobetter.
MakePromises.Whenyoumakeapromisetoanotherpersonyou'vearrangedforareward(奖赏)ifyou
keepitandapunishmentifyoudon't.ltputssomepressure(压力)onyoua
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