MarsisthefourthplanetfromtheSunintheSolarSystem.TheplanetisnamedaftertheRomangodofwar,Mars.Itisoftendescribedasthe"RedPlanet",astheironoxideprevalentonitssurfacegivesitareddishappearance.[13]Marsisaterrestrialplanetwithathinatmosphere,havingsurfacefeaturesreminiscentbothoftheimpactcratersoftheMoonandthevolcanoes,valleys,deserts,andpolaricecapsofEarth.TherotationalperiodandseasonalcyclesofMarsarelikewisesimilartothoseofEarth,asisthetiltthatproducestheseasons.MarsisthesiteofOlympusMons,thehighestknownmountainwithintheSolarSystem,andofVallesMarineris,thelargestcanyon.ThesmoothBorealisbasininthenorthernhemispherecovers40%oftheplanetandmaybeagiantimpactfeature.
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